Modern Japan

The Modern Japanese Garden

2009-01-11T14:10:00.001-08:00

The Modern Japanese Garden
By Bill Doane

The modern Japanese garden will only contain things that occur in nature. Japanese gardens offer a tranquil setting for relaxation and meditation. Elements of Japanese gardens include stones, water, plants, ornaments, borrowed scenery, and architecture. Elements for the garden will be in the proper scale; there will be no huge boulders placed in a tiny garden area.

The first element placed in the garden will usually be the stones. The stones are the main element of the garden. They are usually positioned in odd numbers and are grouped together in triangular shapes or randomly. They can be used for stepping stones or for viewing. Stones can be arranged to emphasize a faraway mountain or a nearby tree. The pathways that the stepping stones form represent a person's journey through life. The stones can be placed so that the person will slow down as they travel through the garden. Stones can be used to represent mountains or islands and to express the human emotions of strength and endurance.

Water features are an important element of a Japanese garden. Water symbolizes purity. The water features in the garden will appear to flow naturally as in streams or waterfalls or will be in ponds but not in fountains. Raked gravel is sometimes used to represent water.

There are many different Japanese garden styles. These include a Zen garden or dry garden, Japanese tea garden, a stroll garden, courtyard garden, and pond and island style.

In Japanese gardens, stone lanterns are often placed near a pond or a stream to represent the female and male elements of water and fire. This is known as yin and yang in Japanese tradition.

Japanese gardens will have empty spaces, and there will be no crowded spaces. The gardens will usually be enclosed with natural fencing and a gate or gates. The Japanese garden is always a work in progress and will never be completed. Asymmetry is another element of these gardens. There will be no straight lines or rows.

Flowers and colorful foliage are sparingly used to signify changing seasons in the Japanese garden. The flowering plants used are usually cherry or plum trees, azaleas, peonies, and chrysanthemums. Other plants commonly used include bamboo, moss, Japanese maples, and evergreens, such as Japanese black pine. Some plants may be chosen not only for their flowers but perhaps because of the attractive way they look with snow on the branches, raindrops on the stems, or sun shining through the leaves. Nothing unsightly should be used in the garden.

Bill Doane is a regular contributor to modern-japanese-gardens.com and is currently landscaping his gardens. Visit Modern Japanese Gardens, Home Garden Designs, and Garden and Lawn Sprinklers where you can find information on creating a magnificent garden.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Bill_Doane

2009-01-11T14:10:00.000-08:00

Kyoto Japan -5 Fantastic Things to Do Where Traditional Japanese Culture Blends With Modern Miracles
By Steve Schulman

Japanese society, being an intriguing mix of the old and the new, is one of the many reasons to visit Japan and find out more about Japanese culture and history.

One of the most popular tourist destinations is Kyoto Japan, an ancient city that was fortunate to have escaped the bombing during World War II. Its architectural glory has remained intact and Kyoto history can visually unwind before your eyes.

Kyoto, once the capital of Japan, is renowned for its wealth of shrines and temples. There are so many that you will need several vacations if you wanted to visit them all.

And because there are so many possible things to do you should be quite selective in planning your itinerary.

You may want to enjoy exploring the region and absorbing Kyoto history either on a bicycling or a walking tour.

The railway station in Kyoto Japan

Ironically, if you arrive by train, the first image you will see in this ancient city is a very modern structure.

The railway station itself in Kyoto Japan is huge and worth exploration in its own right. If you take the escalators up to the top you will go above roof level and enjoy spectacular views of the city from the viewing area.

This, the most important link in Japan's railway system, was opened in 1997.

Within the 15-story complex you will find a shopping center, a hotel, a department store and a cinema.

And, yes, there's even a helipad.

If you're traveling on a budget you can easily find numerous accommodations.

The Ryokan Guest Houses

The Ryokan Guest Houses, which are very popular, present the traditional side of Kyoto Japan.

Within them you'll find tatami floors and shoji screen doors, true symbols of Japanese culture.

Their furnishings are simple yet comfortable.

There are also a number of other guest houses, hostels, and budget hotels for business travelers as well as tourists.

Toji Temple

Toji Temple should be high on everyone's list of things to see.

It's Japans tallest wooden structure and has the largest pagoda of any in Japan on its grounds.

Nijo Castle

Nijo Castle is one of the finest examples of a castle in Japan and it also is in Kyoto Japan.

The castle is comprised of a large moat, various gardens, two tea houses, buildings, and beautiful cherry trees.

Nijo Castle was completed almost 400 years ago, in 1626, and was given to the city in 1939.

The Kyoto International Manga Museum

The Kyoto International Manga Museum is one of the more unusual attractions you might want to visit.

The museum is the home of a collection of 200,000 comic books.

Realize that Manga Comics are a central part of Japanese culture and you'll see not only why they have become popular in the west as well, but also why you might want to read some of them on your visit to the Manga Museum.

To learn how to get the lowest possible prices on airfare, car rentals, hotels and cruises, take a look at a review of Save on Airfare now and learn how to make it happen. And, to find out how to make your greatest dream vacations come true, check out http://TheGreatestDreamVacations.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Steve_Schulman

Kimono - Japan's National Costume

2009-01-11T14:09:00.002-08:00

Kimono - Japan's National Costume
By Katie Chaplin

Few images of Japanese culture are as evocative as an elegant lady in a beautiful silk kimono. Although rarely worn nowadays, the kimono holds a special place in the hearts of Japanese and Westerners alike; a symbol of refinement, sophistication and taste. Yet 'kimono' translates simply as 'clothing', and was the everyday attire of all Japanese people for centuries.

In modern Japan you will still see the occasional old lady who has never worn anything except kimono, but most people only don their national costume on special occasions. Weddings, New Year celebrations and highbrow performances are all places where you can see women (and men in their hakama version) wrapped in fine silks; their clothing revealing much about their social status, lifestyles and tastes.

There are many types of kimono and many ways of wearing each type. Each nuance has meaning which can be 'read' by others. Young, unmarried women wear bright, gaudy furisode with sleeves reaching to their ankles. This shows they are old enough to marry, but are still eligible and looking for a suitable bachelor. During the wedding, a heavy uchikake is worn on top. After the ceremony, the kimono is changed for a shorter-sleeved, married woman's version to signify that she is no longer available.

Married women wear black tomesode or paler houmongi to formal occasions such as weddings. In this case, black is a joyful colour as it shows off the bride's bright colours to greater effect. Here, the tomesode has colourful embroidery and auspicious motifs around the base.

In summer, light cotton yukata are easy for everybody to wear and can be seen during Japanese festivals and informal outdoor events.

It is very difficult to put on a kimono as there are many different folds, tucks and ties involved. Furisode can include up to 35 different pieces so the dresser must be very skilled (and the wearer must be very patient!). Several layers of underwear, ties and pads turn the body into a cylinder shape - it is not desirable to have a voluptuous figure and any curves will be flattened down or padded out. The kimono collar is ALWAYS worn left-over-right for both men and women. This is perhaps the most important point, because the only time you wear it right-over-left is as a corpse, at your own funeral!

The main kimono is tied with an obi, a strip of stiff, hand-woven silk approximately 13 feet long. The obi is wound around the body several times and then tied at the back. Why at the back? Well, traditionally, courtesans tied theirs at the front for 'easy access', so tying at the back denotes a woman's virtue. The way the obi is tied also says a lot about the woman. Young women wear theirs very elaborately in the shape of a butterfly, turtle, bow or bird. Older women prefer a simpler shape with perhaps a picture on the obi itself. Those courtesans just tied it in a big knot as it wouldn't be staying there for long!

The kimono is made from a single long piece of silk which is patterned before it is sewn together. Some are painted with lucky images using stencil dyes or freehand painting. Others are painstakingly embroidered with single-ply threads. Some have a mixture of painting and embroidery and can cost a small fortune. The obi can be almost as expensive as the kimono as it is hand-woven and takes many weeks to produce.

So, what about footwear?

Japanese people take off their shoes before they enter a house, temple or other special building, so traditional Japanese shoes are easy to slip on and off, looking a bit like Western flip-flops. Often, the shoes are exquisitely decorated on the inside, so that when they are removed people can see the lovely patterns. Japanese socks even have split toes so they can be worn with zori shoes. Tabi socks are made from starched white cotton and have elaborate hook and eye fastenings. They slide so beautifully across tatami flooring that this noise is an integral part of the Tea Ceremony.

I hope you are beginning to see how each component of the kimono is essential to the overall effect. It must be worn absolutely correctly otherwise the wrong impression will be given, but can be adapted to reflect the personality and feelings of the wearer.

Katie Chaplin is a textile artist, teacher and lecturer on Japanese crafts. Her work includes paintings on silk, shibori wall hangings and recycled kimono jewellery and has been exhibited throughout the UK. Katie also teaches workshops on many Japanese paper and fabric crafts to Womens Institutes, Embroiderers Guilds, craft groups etc, and gives regular talks on kimono, tea ceremony, geisha and Japan. She sells Japanese craft supplies including her own exclusive range of kits through http://www.japancrafts.co.uk

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Katie_Chaplin

The Traditional Japanese Home

2009-01-11T14:09:00.001-08:00

The Traditional Japanese Home
By Robin Mae

Japan has both modern and traditional styles of housing. The traditional Japanese house is a beautiful sight to behold. Made of wood and paper, it has an organic feel and look that can be found nowhere else. Individual houses in Japan are either single or two stories.

The traditional Japanese house made of wood is expected to last about twenty years before having to be repaired or rebuilt. Each year it is depreciated, unlike homes here in the United States.

The interior design is what really sets the traditional Japanese house apart from European or American designs. With the exception of the entry way (genkan), the kitchen (daidokoro), the bathing room (sento) and the toilet (benjo), the rooms in a traditional Japanese house does not have a designated use.

A room can easily be a living area, a bedroom, a dining room or any combination. Large rooms are partitioned by fusuma, sliding doors made of wood and thick paper. The paper used for fusuma is called washi. These sliding doors can be removed whenever a larger space is needed.

In large traditional houses, there was one large room, or ima (living space) that could be divided as needed. The smaller rooms like kitchen, bath and toilet were small extensions to one side. Rouka, or wooden-floored hallways, follow the edge of the home. Windows are made of wood and shoji paper, which is thin enough to let the light shine through.

Even modern Japanese houses tend to have one traditional Japanese room, called a washitsu. This room is sparsely if at all furnished, and has tatami mats on the floor. In a traditional Japanese house, this style may be reflected throughout the home. Tatami are thick straw mats covered with stitched, woven rushes. Tatami are smooth and firm enough to walk on, while making a sleeping surface more comfortable than wood or stone.

The genkan is usually a step below the level of the rest of the house. When people enter the home, they leave their shoes in the genkan, pointed toward the door so they only need to slip them on when they are ready to go out. Indoor slippers are often worn inside the house.

The kitchen in most traditional Japanese homes will contain a stove with a very small oven and broiler and an electric refrigerator. Counter space for food preparation and a sink are also located in the kitchen.

The bathing room contains a tub and is often waterproof. An adjacent area is available for showering. The Japanese re-use bathwater, either for other bathers or for washing laundry, so it is important not to dirty the water with soap and dirt. Dirty portions of the body can be washed before stepping into the bath.

The toilet in Japan can either be a Western style toilet, or a squat toilet installed in the floor. The room containing the toilet is often only as large as a typical toilet stall, and the person using this room puts on special slippers while in this room.

Heating in the winter is traditionally supplied by a kotatsu. This is a low table with a heating element on the bottom. During cold weather, people sit around the table and keep the heat contained with a light duvet-type cover that surrounds the table.

Robin loves to learn about new countries and different cultures. You can read more of her latest country of interest, Japan, on her blog.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Robin_Mae

Popular Modern Japanese Writer: Haruki Murakami

2009-01-11T14:09:00.000-08:00

Popular Modern Japanese Writer: Haruki Murakami
By Michael Russell

The most popular modern Japanese writer throughout the entire world is likely Haruki Murakami. His works have been translated into 38 different languages and are often described as being very accessible to readers while still having a profoundness in them that isn't as simple to see.

Haruki Murakami was born in 1949 in Kyoto. His mother and father both taught Japanese literature and he spent most of his childhood in Kobe. As a child, Murakami was more influenced by Western culture than by the literature his parents taught. He was always interested in Western music and grew up reading Dostoyevsky, Balzac and Vonnegut instead of classic Japanese literature. Critics believe that the reason Murakami is separated from the rest of Japanese writers is because of this Western influence seen in his style, which is more freeform than most Japanese writers' styles. His novels tend to have musical themes in them as well. For example, his novel "Norwegian Wood" is named after a song from "Rubber Soul" by the Beatles.

Murakami met his wife, Yoko, at Waseda University in Tokyo where he had studied drama. He first started working in a record store, which is where one of his characters worked in one of his novels. After graduating, he opened up his own jazz bar in Tokyo called "Peter Cat". This bar lasted 8 years, from 1974 to 1982. Later on in life Murakami also worked at Tufts University, where he taught literature.

Murakami wrote his first novel in 1979, 30 years after he was born. While watching a baseball game on television, he suddenly became inspired to write a novel: "Hear the Wind Sing". Although it was translated into English, it has not been released outside of Japan because Murakami thinks that the novel is too fragmented and not up to quality. However, just after writing it he sent it into a contest and won first prize for it. Since this first novel, Murakami has had his own unique style and humor. He also likes to play around with nostalgia, which is seen in many of his works.

"Hear the Wind Sing" later turned out to be the first book of three, in a trilogy that included the same characters. "Pinball, 1973" was written due to the success of his first novel, which was then followed by "A Wild Sheep Chase". Although "A Wild Sheep Chase" has made it onto American shores, "Pinball, 1973" has suffered from the same fate as "Hear the Wind Sing". Murakami continued writing and then released "Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World" in 1985. It wasn't until 1987, however, that he became truly popular when he gained national praise for "Norwegian Wood".

Murakami continues writing and all of his books are considered to be very good by critics from all around the world. Murakami has also translated some of his favorite Western novels into Japanese, including "Catcher in the Rye". Recently his short story "Tony Takitani" was also turned into a film directed by Jun Ichikawa. His next novel, "After Dark", which has already been released in Japan, is planned to be released in English in 2007.

Michael Russell
Your Independent guide to Japan

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Russell

2008-09-04T21:48:00.000-07:00

MATCHMAKERS IN CHINA AND JAPAN

25th June 2006

Author: Barry Hooper

In today's busy professional world, more and more upscale, single professionals are turning to match making services to find a mate. Some feel they need a go-between because they are recently divorced and find it hard to get back into the singles scene, while others just don't have the time or the inclination to join the dating game.

While the widespread use of matchmakers is a fairly recent phenomenon in the West, matchmakers have always played a vital role in arranging marriages in China and Japan.

In China, the tradition of matchmaking has its roots in the mythological figure of Nu Gua (also known as Nuwua, Nukua, and other variations of the name). Nu Gua created mankind out of various colors of mud, and then invented sex and marriage. The norms that she helped establish for marriage included the use of go-betweens to bring together a potential husband and wife. Nu Gua is usually depicted as having a human head and the body of a snake.

In traditional feudal Chinese society, girls usually stayed at home and rarely went out to work or to other venues where they would have a chance to meet strange men. So the girl's parents would use the services of a matchmaker to find a mate and help arrange a marriage with a boy from a household with the same social status. Using a go-between also made it easier for the reserved ancient Chinese, who were afraid of "loosing face" if their daughter was refused directly.

Marriage was considered a commercial transaction, not a romantic event. The traditional matchmaker, who was always an elderly woman, has been likened to a combination between a public relations manager and a real estate agent. She was expected to know all the families in the area and their backgrounds and social status.

Although the use of a matchmaker is becoming less prevalent among modern Chinese professionals, it is still a common practice in Japan.

Traditionally in Japan, marriage was often arranged between children of feudal lords as a diplomatic and political means to maintain peace and harmony. Thus the matchmaker, or Nakodo, played a very important role in maintaining a stable society. The ancient tradition is called mi-ai.

In today's version of mi-ai, a matchmaker sets up the first meeting between a prospective bride and groom, which is also attended by members of the couple's families. After that, it is up to the man and the woman to decide whether or not they want to continue the relationship. In the past, it was totally up to the man, but today the woman also has a voice in the decision. But as in the past, if the two people decide to get married, the woman leaves her family and becomes part of her husband's family.

But here in New York, your best bet perhaps is the New York dating service

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Source: http://www.articlealley.com/article_66513_39.html

2008-08-24T16:13:00.000-07:00

Things to Do While You Travel in Japan

22nd August 2008

Author: gatewaylax

If you find yourself traveling in Japan this summer, the must see event of the year is the 2008 Fuji Rock Festival running Friday July 25th until Sunday July 27th. Originally inspired by Britain's Glastonbury Festival, the Fuji Rock Festival acquired its name due to the first event in 1997 being held on the foot of famous Mt Fuji. Since 1999, the annual festival has been held in Naeba in Niigata prefecture, 200 km north-west of Tokyo.

The atmosphere is amazing and unique, high up in the mountains. It is a ski resort during the winter, and even for those who don’t necessarily like rock music, it offers plenty to do and see for those who travel to Japan. Dragondola, the world's longest Gondola lift will take you to the top of the mountain overlooking the festival site, enabling you to fully appreciate the area's natural beauty.

It is probably the world’s cleanest, most friendly, and beautifully scenic outdoor musical festival in the world. Fans travel from all over Asia and the world to watch the many bands on several stages. There’s even a hot spa loaded with soaps and shampoos.

It is suggested to arrive to the festival by way of Tokyo. Asia travel is an experience all its own, unlike any other. For international travelers, who travel to Tokyo, it is suggested to see all the sights and sounds here, before traveling on the JR Shinkansen, reaching speeds up to 300 km/h . From Tokyo Central Station you will arrive at Echigo-Yuzawa Station after the 80 minute rocket ride, where a free shuttle bus will transfer you to the festival. Sometimes it is cheaper to find discount tickets to Japan if you land in Tokyo first and then travel by train everywhere else.

For first time musical festival participants, the Fuji Rock Festival is a perfect place to get your feet wet. Walking from stage to stage, witnessing all the greatest talents, the beautiful scenery, experiencing all the good clean fun, and riding the Japan Rail makes for an incredibly unique experience you’ll never forget.

For more information on the Japan Rail pass rates and timetables, as well as discount tickets to Tokyo, Thailand, Philippines, and the rest of Asia subcontinent, Europe. U.S. Domestic, and other countries, visit www.gatewaylax.com.

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Source: http://www.articlealley.com/article_606983_29.html

2008-08-04T12:54:00.000-07:00

Weekly Mansions in Japan

16th July 2008

Author: rich

Weekly Mansions are a good alternative for people looking for short term accommodation in Japan because they don't require key money or foreign registration card, the deposit is low and they are situated in convenient locations.

What is a Weekly Mansion?
A weekly mansion is a furnished apartment for short-term stays. From a size vs price perspective, they are generally more expensive than other housing such as guesthouses and ryokans. One of the big differences between a guesthouse and a weekly mansion is that guesthouse accommodation is conducive to meeting other people and socialising, whereas weekly mansions are private rooms with no 'social space' to mingle with other guests. Weekly Mansions are predominantly used by Japanese people and often by those on business trips.

The rooms are fairly small and in most cases not ideal for families. Meals are not included and at most places there is no housekeeping. The rooms are set up to cater for travelling business people so all rooms have a high speed internet connection.

The company which runs the weekly mansions in Tokyo is called Weekly Mansion Tokyo. They offer accommodation in 44 locations in the Tokyo area. Unfortunately their site is only in Japanese so you may need some assistance when choosing a room from their site. They do have an English site but they only offer accommodation in two areas in Tokyo (Akasaka and Asakusa) and two locations in Osaka (Otemae and Shinsaibashi). The rooms advertised on the English sites are called the 'comfort selection' and are a bit larger and can cater for families.

Prices
If you stay longer than a week, many of the monthly mansions provide a discount. The weekly prices are about 5,000-6,000 yen/night although you can receive a discount of about 500 yen to 1,000 yen per night depending on the location if you stay for a month. The average price at Weekly Mansion Tokyo is about 5,000 yen per night for a monthly plan.

Location
One good thing about weekly mansions is that there are a lot of them and they are nearly always located within walking distance of a station. The main locations in Tokyo are in the following areas: Shinjuku, Ikebukuro, Gotanda, Shinagawa, Akasaka, Roppongi, Ueno, Asakusa, Nihonbashi, Koto, Kawasaki, Yokohama and Chiba.

Most of the weekly mansions have essential facilities such as a microwave oven, air conditioner, desk lamp, iron etc. They also have free internet access, television, phone, fridge, dryer and also some other creature comforts such as video on demand.

Alternatives to Weekly Mansions
Another type of housing similar to Weekly Mansions are Montly Mansions. Because many of the Weekly Mansions in Tokyo are run by the same company there is a fair degree of standardization in the facilities. There are a larger number of Monthly Mansions run by various operators so the pricing, size and standard of facilities varies quite a bit.

Richie Johns is a long term resident of Japan and runs a site called Bignavi.jp, which allows users to easily search for information on housing, classifieds, jobs, travel and other Japan related topics. Ths site also includes unique tips on living and working in Japan.

Article source: Weekly Mansions in Japan

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Source: http://www.articlealley.com/article_577318_32.html

2008-06-26T20:25:00.000-07:00

Doing Business with Japan

20th June 2008

Author: marketingstandard

There is a large market for British products in Japan, in 2005 alone the UK exported eight billion pounds of goods and services to Japan. The Japanese market is nearly twice the size of the UK market, with a GDP of approximately $4.3 trillion against the UK’s $2.2 trillion in 2007. The average income of Japanese people is generally higher than British, so if your products are sellable in the British market, then the Japanese market has double the potential.

Before you sell your product to Japan, you will probably be wondering which types of products will go down well in the Japanese market. In Marketing Standards experience, the Japanese consumer generally prefers more typically British products that display some kind of heritage. It depends on what types of products you are selling, for example, if you are selling cups and saucers then that has heritage but if your product is more technology orientated then quality is the first issue. For instance, in the printing industry, British products are often very innovative, but when you put innovation in practice to produce a product, the quality is not good enough for the Japanese market. Japanese consumers and buyers are used to really high standards, and quality is paramount.

Once you have a product that you want to sell in Japan, it is important to conduct market research into whether consumers will actually buy it. One way you can conduct market research in Japan is though sampling. There is a company in Japan who specialise in “sample marketing”. They have their own store in the high street where the consumer can go to pick up free samples of products if they are a member of the store, which they pay a small fee for. After the consumers test the samples they give feedback in the form of a report, the marketing company then collects this data which shows you the persons age, gender, what job they have and whether they like or dislike the product. You don’t need to commission a mass marketing campaign to send thousands of free samples to people who may not be interested in your product, you can target a specific group of consumers.

Once you have conducted your market research, you should have a better idea of whether your product will go down well in the Japanese market or not. The next step is to actually get your product into Japan. There is not much difference between taking your products to market in the UK and taking them to market in Japan. You can find an importer or distributer, you can sell direct from the UK to Japan, or you could take the more costly route of establishing a subsidiary in Japan.

Working with an intermediary can cut time and cost significantly when doing business with Japan.

This article was provided by Marketing Standard Ltd. - http://www.marketingstandard.co.uk

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Source: http://www.articlealley.com/article_560307_15.html

2008-06-17T16:13:00.000-07:00

Licorice is More Than That Tasty Treat in the Grocery Store

06th June 2008

Author: Robert Palmer

Medical professionals, especially in Europe and Japan, have been using licorice more and more in medicine. The Chinese consider licorice to be a superior balancing and harmonizing agent, so it is added to many herbal formulas. It is reputed in many countries, including the United States, to be a treatment for stomach, intestinal and many other problems. What is it used for?

Antioxidant Properties

Licorice is being studied for its effects against oxidation of LDL cholesterol, which is a major component in atherosclerosis. Approximately 300 different phytonutrient compounds found in natural licorice are considered possible antioxidants.

Anti-Viral Properties

Licorice is being tested for its ability to help prevent certain viruses from replicating themselves in body cells. It appears to stimulate the immune system into producing interferon, which is known for its anti-viral effects. It is an effective aid in treating herpes and hepatitis. Promising results are also being reported in tests using licorice to combat SARS, influenza and HIV.

Stomach and Intestinal Problems

Licorice is a natural home remedy for heartburn, gastritis and acid reflux. It helps to promote new cell growth in the lining of the stomach. It also enhances the stomach's self-protecting abilities. Licorice has been used to treat peptic ulcers and aid in healing other types of ulcers.

Throat and Respiratory Problems

Licorice is widely known in the world of alternative medicine as an expectorant and cough suppressant. Colds and flu have been treated with licorice since the days of the Romans. Many over-the-counter cough medicines contain licorice extract because it soothes the mucous membranes.

Other Medicinal Properties

* Cleansing the colon
* Supporting lung health
* Promoting adrenal gland function
* Soothing sore throats
* Lowering stomach acid levels
* Coating the stomach wall
* As a laxative
* As a diuretic
* Stopping flatulence
* Relieving rheumatism
* Relieving arthritis
* Regulating low blood sugar
* Treating Addison's disease
* Treating symptoms of menopause
* Regulating menstruation
* Relieving menstrual cramps
* Possibly reducing the occurrence of night sweats
* Balancing hormones
* Healing cold sores and canker sores

The Romans made licorice extract. Chinese herbalists use licorice for treating a wide range of conditions. Its confectionery use originated in England in the 16th century. The roots are used to flavor fruit juices and syrups. They are also used to flavor alcoholic drinks such as Sambuca and Guiness beer.

Is Licorice Safe?

Licorice is not recommended for use by people who suffer from diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertension or kidney disease. It is also not recommended for use by women who are pregnant or breast-feeding.

Side Effects

Licorice, although not thought to suppress the immune system like pharmaceutical cortisones, may cause similar side effects in high doses. Some of these include weight gain, fluid retention and high blood pressure.

Description and Cultivation

The licorice plant stands up to five feet tall. It has spikes of lilac-colored flowers that have bean-like pods containing three or four seeds apiece. The root, which is used most frequently, reaches underground about three feet and branches into networks of rhizomes.

After three to five years, the roots and rhizomes are cleaned, pulped, boiled and then concentrated by evaporation. The root, if kept dry, will keep for an indefinite amount of time. If the licorice is powdered, it should be stored in an airtight container.

Licorice has been used for centuries in conjunction with established medicine, as an alternative herbal medicine, and as an herbal confection in many parts of the world. It is noted for its medicinal value in treating stomach, intestinal and other ailments, including helping to stimulate the immune system. Studies are ongoing to discover more potential uses for this naturally sweet herb.

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2008-06-07T13:41:00.000-07:00

What makes Japanese girls so attractive and why do Japanese girls like Western men ?

06th October 2005

Author: Dao Jones

What makes Japanese girls so attractive ?

Japanese girls have many qualities ensuring that they are constantly in demand. Japanese girls are typically very attractive physically - very feminine, petite and slender with delicate features and innate grace.

Japanese girls are gentle and polite. A typical Asian upbringing engenders its women with the importance of manners and respect for others.

Japanese women are charming and attentive to their partner. The institution of marriage is valued very highly in Japanese culture and it is seen as a commitment to be undertaken with the utmost seriousness.

Japanese girls are highly conscious of the paramount significance of family. In essence, Japanese women have grown up respecting traditions that have existed in their homelands for thousands of years, of which marriage and family are an indispensable part.

Japanese women are easily adaptable to new cultures. The friendliness and politeness of Japanese girls ensures that they quickly make new friends wherever they go.

Why do Japanese women like Western men ?

Japanese girls are very familiar with the many advantages of Western men and value the virtues with which they are associated.

For example, the deference, consideration and chivalry, which can not always be found in their male counterparts in Japan. In Japanese culture, Japanese women are seen as being secondary and indeed subservient to their husbands, rather than interacting on the same level as them.

The politeness and respect that Japanese girls have been raised to act with as second nature is not reciprocated in Japan, whereas Western men will return it many times over.

Japanese women advertising themselves as mail order brides have an inherent desire to enter into marriage and family life and understand that Western men can offer the stability, both economically and emotionally.

I'm Dao Jones from Thailand, founder of Asian-Girls-Dating.com.

A unique dating site with lots of information about the cultural and marriage customs, as well as specific characteristics of Asian women.

If you want to know more about Japanese girls click here to read about the

Culture of Japanese girls,

their marriage customs,

or to meet a real Japanese woman online.

Best regards

Dao Jones

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Source: http://www.articlealley.com/article_11513_39.html

2008-06-04T10:18:00.000-07:00

Ways to make big $$$ in Japan
by: Matt Canham

As you're probably already aware, Japan is a very unique place. No where else in the world will you find the same outrageous opportunities to make money that are open to just about anyone.

English Teaching.

The most common job for new foreigners is teaching English. Despite the thousands of English schools and 12 years of study at school, the English level in Japan remains at lower intermediate, ensuring strong demand for teachers. Every type of class and situation exists from Elementary schools right through to Flight Attendant Colleges. It can also be a great way into a previously non-existent position. I know of one teacher at a top Advertising agency who later became an English copywriter. He had no experience whatsoever in copywriting, they just liked him and enjoyed his lessons.

Acting/modeling/voice overs.

Without a doubt, the epicenter for entertainment work is Tokyo. There are around 60 major freelance agencies that offer all kinds of work to foreigners living in the area. It is not uncommon for first timers to walk into $1000 plus jobs, while their friends back home fight over $120 extras work. Experience is not expected - simply being foreign and having the right look is enough. In fact, most highly skilled dancers and actors would be appalled at how easy it is to get work and how the jobs are selected. Actual talent is very rarely considered - it is all about the look.

In many ways, the entertainment scene in Tokyo is a big break and a way to escape the comfort zone and limitations of home. Many foreigners living in Japan, doing the work, return home to find their friends are just as broke as they were 5 years ago, fighting over the same tiny piece of the entertainment pie, hoping desperately for a break. They are not seeing that Tokyo is that break! Ewan McGregor, Edward Norton, Ashley Judd and Cameron Diaz are among some of the current stars to have worked in Japan.

Dancing/hostessing.

Japan was long considered one of the best places for working Dancer/hostess types in the world. Whilst it still can be very lucrative, the rules have changed regarding visas. Whereas once a 90 tourist visa was adequate, immigration crackdowns have led to the introduction of entertainment visas for all women employed in the industry. The Japanese culture remains one of meetings and drinking, and corporate types still prefer to do both in the company of attractive, polite, western women. In the past, women simply had to be attractive and turn up, now they need to be just as adept at being charming in order to make the big money.

Wedding minister.

The white wedding business is huge in Japan. It is the most popular type of ceremony from Sapporo to Okinawa and all those weddings create a demand for clean cut pastors to conduct the 20 minute ceremonies. In some cases, 20,000 yen for the 20 minute ceremony and performing 20-30 per month on the weekends is normal, making this one of the best ways to make yen. There are some properly ordained ministers out there, but for the most part, basic Japanese and rudimentary training is all it takes to move one man from the classroom to the pulpit.

Headhunting.

The Headhunting industry in Tokyo continues to flourish unabated. New companies emerge quarterly and are still able to bill fees of 30 - even 35% in some cases. Most of the "recruiters" start out teaching English and usually have very little in the way of professional experience. As English speakers though, they are considered to be experts in dealing with foreign companies, which is more than enough to qualify them for the job. Here you will find recruiters - both male and female making 6 figures when many would struggle to hold down simple jobs back home. This truly is an extraordinary opportunity open to anyone with some professionalism and knowledge of Japan.

Japanese language skills.

For teaching English and Headhunting, Japanese is almost not required at all. Speaking with the students in Japanese is strongly discouraged - they are there to learn English after all, and in Headhunting, 95% of the candidates need to be effective communicators in English. That leaves Wedding Ministers - the ceremony is read in Japanese, dancing/hostessing - where some basic Japanese will be looked upon favorably and Acting/modeling/voice overs, where in most cases there will already be a translator and the pronunciation of 10 words in Japanese is more important that speaking ability.

An active interest in Japanese culture and the language will assist in daily life, but for the people simply interested in Japan as a way to make as much money as possible, it is simply not required.

About The Author

Matt Canham has lived on and off in Tokyo for the last 7 years. He has a resource site at: http://jobs-in-japan.marinerblue.com.

Source : www.articlecity.com

2008-05-31T05:22:00.001-07:00

The Mystifying and Powerful World of Japanese Fashion

by: Korbin Newlyn

Many would say that fashion is an expression of the culture and soul, hence every nation has a unique reflection of its own history as well as traditions in one way or another.

Japanese fashion is no exception to this sentiment. This article will go into a few details of how it has changed throughout the years while always remaining intact in its traditions.

The Past and the Present

One of the most traditional and common Japanese fashion outfits is the Kimono; it is still worn today in more modern designs, it was also embraced by the Western nations because of its sensuality as well as elegance.

Throughout the years Japanese fashion saw very few changes but throughout the years the Kimono was a dominant part of the classic collection and consistently a part of their lives in one form or another. Another kind of Kimono is the Furisode which is worn by young women in their twenties; in Japan the age to legally drink and smoke is twenty and in order to celebrate the parent frequently offer their daughters a Furisode.

Then the Houmongi takes the stage. This is another kind of Kimono that is worn by married women and similar to the Furisode the parents will give their daughter one when she is married.

The formal Kimono is known as Tomesode and is typically worn by married women to social functions such as marriages. Additional variations include the Mofuku which is the funeral Kimono for Japanese fashion and the Uchikake is the wedding Kimono.

Last but certainly not least the Obi is the oldest form of the Japanese fashion as they are no longer in production today and rarely will you find someone wearing this type even in Japan.

Modern Japanese fashion generally has several categories in addition to some that are not related to clothes. The Japanese fashion known as the Kogal is translated in Japan to people who enjoy displaying their higher income by wearing expensive jewelry or clothes.

The Gangoro Japanese fashion is designed for those people who began changing their hair color and then you have the Lolita as the Gothic Lolita Japanese fashion, which is being represented by the innocent and sweet dressed (Lolita) all the way to the other extreme type referred to as punk fashion, which is known as Gothic Lolitas.

The Eternal Fashion

The world of classic fashion is eternal throughout the world and Japanese fashion has their Kimonos to prove it. The use of colors also plays a large part in the world of Japanese fashion as well as their culture as it is directly correlated to the event. Fashion not only reflects and defines an era and a place in time but also the character and personality of the person who is wearing it.

About The Author

Listen to Korbin Newlyn as he shares his insights as an expert author and an avid writer in the field of fashion. If you would like to learn more go to http://www.efashioninfo.com/ and at http://www.efashioninfo.com/fashion-youth/teen-fashion/

2008-05-26T15:00:00.000-07:00

Religion in Japan

20th January 2008

Author: Jim Sherard

Religion in Japan more than a specific set of beliefs or doctrines practiced on a daily basis, is a blend of traditions that stem from the early teachings of Shintoism and Buddhism, and which most Japanese have incorporated into rituals and customs that are applied on special occasions, such as visiting a Shinto shrine to mark the birth of a new baby, or attending wedding ceremonies performed by Shinto priests. Buddhism also plays a large role in this religious heritage, in that most funerals in Japan are overseen by Buddhist priests, who in addition to their specific duties at the ceremony perform an ongoing series of rites on death day anniversaries of deceased family members. Many of the festivals in Japan known as Matsuri are also chiefly of Shinto origin, and are often symbolic ceremonies representing the cultivation of rice and the spiritual well being of the community. Matsuri are popular events that are usually associated with Shinto Shrines, and are held annually over the course of several days. One of the key features are processions in which the local Kami (Shinto Deity) is carried through the streets on a portable shrine called a Mikoshi, often accompanied by drum and flute music. Every local festival has it's own unique characteristics, but most tend to be noisy, energetic occasions that offers the community an opportunity to come together in joyful celebration. Although most holidays in Japan are secular in nature, News Year's Day is marked by family traditions that are based in Shintoism, such as the consumption of special food, and visiting various Shrines throughout the day with family members to pray for blessing in the upcoming year. Bon Festival (Obon) in mid August is another well known event for Buddhists which marks the annual visit of ancestors to the earthly plane, and involves frequent visits to Buddhist Temples. Family altars are decorated with special spirit emblems, and ancestral graves are cleaned in anticipation of the return of the souls of family members since departed. Many people also return to their home towns to visit relatives, and to participate in celebrations such as folk dancing and prayers at local Buddhist temples.

The origin of the Shinto religion is for the most part uncertain, but some scholars ascertain it emerged thousands of years ago as a cultural extension of immigrants from China, who upon arriving introduced agricultural rites and shamanic ceremonies which invariably took on Japanese characteristics in the new environment. The word Shinto means “the way of the gods”, and proclaims no specific founder or sacred scriptures. The basic premise of the religion is that sacred spirits known as Kami take the form of objects and concepts significant to life, such as mountains, trees, wind, rain, rivers, and fertility. Human beings are capable of becoming Kami after they die, and the Kami of extraordinary people are sometimes enshrined as a show of respect. In contrast to many of the worlds monotheist religions, Shintoism does not profess to a set form of beliefs. The world is seen as being composed of various shades of gray, with no absolute forms of right and wrong. Humans are regarded as being fundamentally good, and immoral behavior is believed to be caused by evil spirits which must be kept at bay by Shinto rituals, prayers, and offerings to the Kami. The arrival of Buddhism in the sixth century exerted profound influence on Japan's social, intellectual, artistic, and political life, and as a result Shinto temporarily fell out of favor. Fortunately the two religions were soon able to co-exist harmoniously, with many Buddhists viewing the Kami as manifestations of Buddhas.

In addition to Shinto and Buddhism, Japan was introduced to Christianity in the 16th and 17th centuries with the arrival of European traders and Jesuit missionaries, resulting in the conversion of thousands of Japanese to Roman Catholicism. In 1549 a Jesuit priest by the name of John Fernandez arrived in Kagoshima from Spain with hopes of bringing Christianity to Japan. Thinking they would reduce the influence of the powerful Buddhist monks, the Shogunate initially supported the Christian movement, but as sentiment changed in the years to follow Christianity was banned by the government, and those who refused to abandon their new faith were killed. Christianity is currently practiced by approximately 1.3 million people in Japan. Although it represents only a small fraction of the population, Christmas is widely observed, though in a mainly secularized form. Christian organizations have also left their influence by founding well known educational institutions such as as Kwansei Gakuin University, International University, and Sophia University.

Jim Sherard is the author of "Land of the Rising Sun, A Guide to Living and Working in Japan", which can be found at: http://www.escapeartist.com/e_Books/Living_and_Working_in_Japan/Living_and_Working_in_Japan.html

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Source: http://www.articlealley.com/article_255003_51.html

2008-05-21T23:54:00.000-07:00

Japanese Hair Straightening � What you need to know

14th January 2006

Author: Andrea Simpson

Over the last 4 years a new type of hair straightening has crept into the USA. Called Japanese hair straightening it also falls under other names including; Thermal Reconditioning, Magic Straight, Bio Ionic Straightening, Yuko System (named after the Japanese stylist who is meant to have popularised the treatment), Liscio, and Rebonding. The Liscio process is the original and the one you are most likely to see in salons.

As the name suggests it originated in Japan and the process will give you permanently straight hair as opposed to the temporary straight hair provided by in-home straighteners like the excellent Sedu flat iron. In reality it lasts about 6 months when your hair will need re-touching because of the hair growth.

This form of treatment is not recommended for:
� more delicate African hair
� hair that has been heavily treated or damaged
� hair that is quickly thinning and falling out
The treatment is very expensive, $300-$800 in top salons and depending on which process you opt for can take between 4-6 hours to complete. This is a far cry from using your own hair straightener at home for a fraction of the cost and only taking a matter of minutes. Given the cost you should expect a free consultation on how well (or if) the treatment will work on your hair.

As the treatment is very expensive you should do your homework. Here are a few tips:
� Visit the websites of salons close to you for more details about which Japanese hair straightening treatment they use.
� Visit the salon and speak with their straightening specialist about the process
� Make sure the specialist has sufficient experience in the process. Don't forget you are paying lots of money so you don't want to end up with damaged hair because of an inexperienced stylist.
� Ask for some "before and after" pictures of previous customers results.
� If possible ask to speak with a previous customer to get some detailed insight into how long it took and to find out if there are any things they didn't like about the process.

If you do decide to go ahead with the treatment then here is a summary of the whole process.
� A protein conditioner is applied to your hair.
� A cream based thio relaxor is then applied. This will soften your hair and disassociate the sulfur bonds inside the hair shaft.
� After a period of time the stylist will do a test to see if the hair has broken down to the right degree.
� Once the proper amount of Sulfur bonds have been disassociated the stylist will rinse your hair.
� Your hair is dried into the style you normally wear it in.
� The stylist will take small sections and apply some degree of tension to get your hair as straight as possible.
� Once the neutralizer has been on the hair for the proper amount of time it will be rinsed from the hair.
� After the hair is rinsed it will be dried again and ironed into the style you wish to wear.
� The neutralizing chemical only begins to re-associate the sulfur bonds. The hair still needs to absorb more oxygen and will do so naturally through the air.
� The hair designer will instruct you not to shampoo, wet or style your hair for 24-72 hours, this is to allow it to completely neutralize into the current shape.

The results from the process are amazing, considering your hair is subjected to nearly 6 hours of chemical and heat treatment. You will probably be advised to use special after care products. You should take the stylists advice but make sure and shop round for the products online, as they can be very expensive in salons.

However, all the time and effort is worth it, as your hair will not need to be treated for at least 6 months. So twice a year should be enough for curl free hair all year.

About the Author
A self confessed hair straightener fan Andrea Simpson has a website devoted to hair straighteners and Sedu hair styles and Sedu celebrities.

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Source: http://www.articlealley.com/article_23426_28.html

2008-05-21T23:52:00.000-07:00

How to Create Beautiful Wedding Hairstyles

21st February 2006

Author: Natalie Aranda

Planning a wedding is not an easy task because it involves many small events and decisions to make concerning the big day, including wedding hairstyles. With the many wedding planners available everywhere, many brides believe there is a magic formula to determine what they should wear such as long hairstyles, short hairstyles, or even hair extensions.

No, there is no such formula, nor right or wrong answers because it is YOUR wedding day, and only you can decide among the many wedding hairstyles, to make this day a big and unforgettable event that it is expected to be. Selecting the perfect hairstyle yourself should be an easy task because nobody better than you knows how good or bad you feel when you look in the mirror.

If you feel, there are too many things on your mind and too little time to accomplish them, get help from professional stylists, avoiding the confusion over what are best, short hairstyles, long hairstyles or a particular hairdo requiring hair treatment, coloration and even the use of hair extensions.

Creating beautiful wedding hairstyles is easy after browsing through the numerous bridal printed magazines or available on the Internet. Who else better than you can knows if you want to wear your hair up, down, curled or straight? Do not worry at all if you have no idea, because if you start planning your hairdo shortly after the engagement announcement, you will have plenty of time to ask your salon for a trial until you are satisfied with the chosen hairstyle.

Long hairstyles are still the favorites of most brides, because they add sophistication and elegance to a wedding ceremony and reception accordingly. However, do not make the mistake of loosing your personal identity by choosing wedding hairstyles that have nothing to do with your own personality.

Go for casual, romantic long hairstyles or practical, modern short styles if you feel that any of them match your own style. The only exception, perhaps, is when you are wearing short hair but you want a fashionable long hairstyle or up-do, although this problem can be resolved if you let you hair grow in plenty of time or opt using hair extensions.

When a wedding is meant to be celebrated with a small number of family members and closest friends, many brides do not worry, as much about their overall attire since there will not be any camera operators, many relatives, circumstantial friends or even strangers to pay attention on details like their hair.

That thought is a big mistake; the wedding day is the bride and groom's day. Disregard who is attending the event, give yourself the gift of choosing between the wedding hairstyles that make you feel like a queen, whether you chose from long hairstyles, short hairstyles, or fancy hairdos made with hair extensions.

This article is free for republishing
Source: http://www.articlealley.com/article_30972_41.html

Occupation: Freelance Writer

Natalie Aranda is a freelance writer. She contributes to Ecommerce Guide and Gift Ideas for Wedding and Valentines.

http://www.4th-media.com/

2008-05-18T14:12:00.001-07:00

Japanese Hair Straightening � Is It Right for You?

22nd October 2005

Author: Mike Taylor

Japanese Hair Straightening, also known as Thermal Reconditioning, is one very popular hair straightening technique you just might want to think twice about before having done.

Originating in Japan in the late 90's the chemical products used in the process go by the names Liscio, Yuko and U.S. made Bio Ionics.

The treatment can take anywhere from 3 to 6 hours and involves numerous steps with costs ranging from $300 to $1,500 depending on the salon.

A cheaper price should raise some red flags as to the quality of the chemicals used or the expertise of the stylist according to the experts.

The result is permanently straight hair but after 4 to 6 months any new hair growth will need to be treated as well. This usually costs close to the same amount as the original treatment because it is a more time-consuming process involving straightening hair closer to the roots.

Because of the chemicals and techniques used you will not be able to curl the treated hair so you definitely want to take that into consideration beforehand.

There is also a growing concern from some stylists that thermal reconditioning may not be the perfect hair straightening solution after all.

First off, experts estimate that at least 80 percent of people that are having the treatment are not really good reconditioning candidates for several reasons:

Any recent chemical processes done to your hair such as hair coloring, bleaching or hair relaxing can cause serious problems including hair loss and breakage if you elect to have the treatment done. A hair strand test must be done first to determine whether your hair can accept the chemicals. If the salon does not offer a strand test you might want to reconsider who you trust your hair to.

It does not work on African hair because it is too fragile and can't take the heat required during the straightening process. It is not the same as a hair relaxer which is made especially for African hair.

In fact, a growing number of women are claiming serious hair breakage problems and it has been reported in the press that one of the top Hollywood celebrity hair stylists refuses to perform the treatment because she thinks it is too much of a risk to her client's hair.

Many women are led to believe that the process is actually good for your hair but there have been no clinical studies to prove this and by definition anything that physically alters the hair structure at the molecular level is damaging.

Even though many women have had the Japanese Hair Straightening process done to their hair with great success you should know that there can be some risk involved and if you decide to have it done to your hair be sure you use a reputable salon with properly trained stylists that will test your hair first.

For alternatives to permanent hair straightening please visit us at: www.hair-straighteners-experts.com. We specialize in information about sedu hair straightener products that offer great temporary hair straightening results.

This article is free for republishing

Source: http://www.articlealley.com/article_13034_34.html

2008-05-18T14:12:00.000-07:00

Secret Art of Aikido

16th June 2007

Author: Prince Oversol

Martial Arts is one of the contributions of Asia to the world. Who can forget Bruce Lee and the fact that he was first and foremost a martial arts athlete before being a movie star? Even until now martial arts is still a big hit with the increasing popularity of Asian movies like crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon and more recently the House of the Flying Daggers.

The Chinese are the first people that come to mind when it comes to these things but the Japanese are just as athletic with a rich heritage of body contact sports that can be found in their history. The modern Japan still gives honor to these things by holding tournaments and promoting such sports abroad,

One of these is Aikido. It is interesting to note that the word comes from three Japanese words from which one can derive the meaning of the one word. Ai means joining, Ki means spirit and Do means way. From this we can understand why Aikido is beyond just the physical skills of it students especially sin its proponent Ueshiba focused more on the spiritual and philosophical development of his students.

In Aikido, one is not taught violence instead one is taught to be in harmony with the opponent to be able to defeat. This might seem odd but it actually works. In approaching an opponent, the aim of the Aikido practitioner is to be one with the opponent to be able to attack him where he is weakest and in doing so diver or immobilize him but never to kill.

This is where Aikido becomes an art. Art is something beautiful to watch and something positive and Aikido is all that. At least one of the people involved in the fighting strives for harmony and harmony can only be achieved if there is grace in the movements. The moves maybe calculated but there is an air of finesse in doing these movements, not a womanly finesse but just a finesse that emanates peace. The art of peace as what they call in Aikido is one of the most positive influences of Aikido to its students and to everyone who choose to know about this Japanese martial art.

Some of the techniques in Aikido include the following. Ikkyo is the first technique. Using this technique you control an opponent by using one hand in holding the elbow and one near the wrist, this action is supposed to make you pin your opponent down in the ground. Nikyo the second technique is when you do an adductive wristlock that enables you to twist the arm of your opponent that will in turn cause enough nerve pressure.

The third technique is Sankyo which is a pronating technique that directs upward-spiraling tension throughout the arm, elbow and shoulder. There are many other techniques but the first three should get you started.

In studying Aikido, it is important to remember that along with building physical strength to be able to defeat your opponent the mental capacity should also be developed. Just like in any art, it takes a lot of practice and discipline to perfect the art of Aikido. The important thing is the one who wants to get into the art should have determination to give honor to the art by performing it in the best way possible.

Prince is a Martial Arts expert who has studied various styles including Aikido, Ju-Jitsu and Wu Shu Kwan (Chinese Kickboxing). Find more FREE tips here: MARTIAL ARTISTRY or go straight to the download site: Best Martial Arts Secrets

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Source: http://www.articlealley.com/article_175556_32.html

Netsuke - Japanese Tradition, Modern Appeal

2008-05-09T12:19:00.000-07:00

Netsuke - Japanese Tradition, Modern Appeal
By Anita Satin Choudhary

The netsuke is a personal decoration piece dating back to the 17th century Japan. It evolved from the purely functional to highly detailed and varied over a period of approximately 300 years.

Roughly pronounced "netskeh" or "netski", the netsuke was originally used as a toggle to keep items, such as purses and tobacco pipes, from slipping off the cord hanging from a man's kimono sash. Put together, this ensemble acted as a sort of hip pouch, a necessity as the kimono had no pockets.

Prior to the invention of the netsuke, plant roots with toggles were used rather than the much fancier silk cord and carved netsuke. The Japanese characters 'ne' and 'suke' mean "root" and "to fasten"- hence the name of this unique and beautiful item. As men of the middle and upper classes wore more intricately carved netsuke, the netsuke developed a reputation as a status symbol.

Netsuke are prized by art appreciators the world over, with pre-Meiji Restoration (late 19th century) netsuke being the most coveted. After this period, Japanese men began to adopt western dress and the netsuke went out of fashion. Care should be taken to ensure that one deals with a reputable art dealer, as reproductions are rampant and fairly easy to create. On the other hand, many appreciators simply enjoy the many variations of and materials used for creating netsuke, and collect them for visual appeal as much as the history they are connected to. Reproductions or modern interpretations are easy to find and can be obtained very inexpensively.

Genuine netsuke is typically made of ivory or wood. However, a variety of other materials have been used throughout history. These include ceramic, horn, bone, amber and whale's tooth, among others. A genuine pre-20th century netsuke can be had for as little as $100 or, depending upon the detail, time frame and name of the artist, $100,000 or more.

Part of the appeal of Japanese Netsuke is that they reflect the society during which they were produced. Inspiration was drawn from the imagery important to the 17th-19th century Japanese lifestyle. Stylized animals, plants and mythological faces are common forms of the netsuke. Non-living entities include geometric shapes or coins and abstract patterns. Another interesting form is the "shunga" which depicts sexual depictions or symbols. References to history or literature also seem to have been popular.

True appreciators may want to check out the International Netsuke Society. This organization, formerly called the Netsuke Kenkyuaki Society, was founded in 1975 and is devoted to the collection and study of netsuke and related art forms. It is based in Richardson, TX.

Anita Satin Choudhary writes for Ivory and Art Gallery. Browse the gallery for unique collection of artifacts ranging from Mammoth ivory to Japanese Netsuke

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Anita_Satin_Choudhary

Harajuku Girls

2008-05-09T11:52:00.000-07:00

Harajuku Girls
By Wiradhitya Nugraha

Harajuku girl, used to identify girls who gather in Harajuku district, Tokyo, Japan. Their costumes is in several different styles of clothing that originated in the culture of Japan's major cities.

The term is not only monopolized by those who gather in the district themselves, but has become a relatively popular expression in the United States. Popular use originated from the American singer Gwen Stefani's 2004 Love.Angel.Music.Baby album, which brought attention to Stefani's entourage of four supposed "Harajuku Girls" who were hired to portray the look, three of whom are Japanese and one of whom is Japanese American. These "Harajuku Girls" are not in fact the fashion aficionados or the home sewing hobbyists from whence they derive their name.

Harajuku is a popular iconic placed in the world of entertainment, inside and outside of Japan. It was said that the girls of Harajuku are “beauty stars of Japan”. The American singer Gwen Stefani puts Harajuku reference in several of her songs and incorporated four female dancers, appointed under the name of “love,” “angel,” “music,” and “baby,” dressed like girls with Americanised Harajuku, as her background act.

A song is devoted to them on the album which she called after them, entitled of the “Harajuku Girls” and the word “??” (Harajuku) is depicted on the surface of stage during her music video for the Hollaback Girl. In her songs, Stefani mispronounces the word Harajuku. Instead of the Japanese pronunciation, Stefani spells “hair-ajuku,” although the Japanese loudspeakers on its album pronounce the word correctly. Her use--which critics call her appropriation--of Harajuku girls and Harajuku fashion was criticized by a certain number of Asian-Americans, in particular Margaret Cho, to perpetuate stereotypes of the flexible Asian women.

According to the Jan/Feb 2006 edition of Blender magazine, American comedian Margaret Cho has labeled Stefani's Harajuku Girls a "minstrel show" that reinforces ethnic stereotypes of Asian women. [1]. The Harajuku Girls have continued to appear alongside Stefani in the media, and are featured in the music video for "Wind It Up" (2006). If you search the term Harajuku girls in internet, most probably you will find Gwen Stefani name also as the search results.

Gwen Stefani, singer principal of the pop band No Doubt, has lead Madonna-esque fashion revolt in both her recent video clip for her single What You Awaiting For and her solo album Love, Angel, Music, Baby. Its involving in 80’s inspired popish tunes, platinum blonde hair and Like A Virgin kit outside the art cover of album reinforce her homage to the material girl, though it can be slightly language in the cheek. In 2006, Stefani launched a second clothing line, called the “Harajuku lovers,” she said it is inspired by the zone of Harajuku in Japan. But its her references to the girls of Japanese Harajuku peppered in all the album and on a way in particular which drew the interest from a various range of te commentators. However who are these Harajuku Girls?

The Harajuku District of Tokyo and in particular street of Takeshita, a narrow street furnished with the stores is the brilliant house for these fashionistas. Since the end of the Second World War, the “consumerism” and “consumption” are becoming national past-time for most Japanese and in particular to teenager girls who often live at the house with their parents well until their twenties. Their free existence of rent provides them enough funds to gather at Harajuku each weekend, where they transform themselves into baby doll of Lolita-esque caracitures. Of course it is an extreme-pretty combination of dressing, but however you will find kind of oase of japanese dress besides their ordinary-working-day dress which is everything is very ordered and conservative.

Various fashion styles is available among the girls who spend time in Harajuku, including Gothic Lolita, Gothic Maid, Wamono, Decora, Second-Hand Fashion, and cyber fashion. The Japanese street fashion magazine, FRUiTS, features many of the varied clothing styles that are popular in the Harajuku district. They wear fake blood and bandages, and dark outfits often combined with traditional Japanese clothing (kimonos, fans) and modern Japanese symbols (hello kitties, cell phones, photo stickers). What drives these girls to dress in such outrageous outfits in a weekly ceremony that lasts only a few hours? Is there a really great bordem in Japanese society so this is one of their way to release all of those bordem?

Some of the answers are more immediately visible. For example, we know some of them are imitating rock bands such as Japan X. However, as with all cultural symbols, there are likely to be deeper reasons beyond fashion. The weekly play allows them to temporarily escape, within a group, all of the rules of Japanese society. It gives them individuality not as easily expressible while in their weekday school uniforms, it gives them a voice to express, often in very sexual ways (with ripped stockings, garters, and mini-skirts, etc.), the oppression of the female gender in the largely male dominated Japanese society.

It is whole kind of a pop-art meets pop-culture meets decadence kinda street where oWesternften a t-shirt with a western image like Mickey Mouse can go for several hundreds of dollars a noise. This constant continuation of rock n roll pop star hipness is prolonged with the boys of teenager too. They turn to choose western inspired hip-hop culture of disheveled jeans hanging halfway to their knees, of the hats to all the angles on their heads and surely many, many, many of blings.

So often, the net result resembles something out of a comic book of Manga while the fashionistas of Harajuku compete to look less human and more iconic. Not pay attention to what we in the west may see like a conflict of fashion above substance, girls of Harajuku is different to Goths, punks and bond girls which became trends previously, is not about rebellion to the society. It is just a crazy-extreme-freedom expression of dressing in certain day (sunday), free from those ordinary dress which requires them to dress "politely, nice, and good looking".

Harajuku Girls just like most Japanese, are often extremely polite and happy to pose for photographs with the curious tourists who flock each Sunday to take the happy snap of these caricatures of super-model. Just ask them for a photograph nicely, they will do that happilly. And as a gratitude you can offer them something, ussualy they won't ask something out of your reach. For the girls of Harajuku, their most extreme request can be a simple cigarette.

http://harajuku-style.blogspot.com/

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Wiradhitya_Nugraha

Japanese Mobile Phones Are Highly Advanced

2008-05-06T07:02:00.001-07:00

Japanese Mobile Phones Are Highly Advanced
By Doug Smitt

When you compare the mobile phone market in Japan with the market in the USA and other regions of the world, it's easy to see some stark differences. In some places in America, people still use analog and TDMA cellular phones. Just a while ago custom ringtones came into the market, while they have been huge in Europe for many years.

The cellular technology in Japan, however, is on a much higher level than other parts of the world. Cellphones are more common there, too. Mobile phones play an integral role in daily life in Japan, almost everyone has one. The cellphone business in Japan is booming. The latest model can be had for about ¥ 60,000, which is roughly about $300 USD. Older, workable but less desirable cellphone models can be had in Japan for dirt cheap - less than $10 USD.

The Japanese cellphone service market is largely controlled by 3 central providers. Vodafone and 'J-Phone', NTT and 'DoMoCo', and KDDI and 'AU'. All phones in Japan operate on a unique frequency, which is a fusion of CDMA as well as other frequencies. Phones coming in from outside of Japan aren't capatible with the frequency Japan operates on. Because of this, most phones sold inside of Japan don't work outside of Japan, either. You'll have to purchase a cellphone if you are traveling in Japan and want to keep in contact.

There's a wide variety of different cell phone manufacturers that offer mobiles capitable with Japanese service providers. You're probably familiar with Sony Ericcsoon, Kyocera, Sanyo, and even companies like Casio and Kenwood. Oddly enough, you won't find cellphones from large cellphone manufacturing companies, like Nokia. Still, you'll be able to find many other top quality models that will surely meet your satisfaction.

Mobile phones in Japan come with great technology, including built-in cameras, high resolution displays, GPS devices, and more. You can play mobile phone games online on your mobile phone, and for even greater enjoyment you can even purchase joystick attachments to hook up to your phone. Clearly, phones in Japan have come leaps and bounds over cellphones in other areas. Will the rest of the world ever catch up?
Written by Doug Smith. Find more information on the latest Japanese Mobile Phones and chat about them in the Japanese Mobile Phone Forum.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Doug_Smitt

What Next for Japan

2008-05-06T06:59:00.000-07:00

What Next for Japan
By Carl Delfeld

After a strong performance in 2003, 2004 and 2005, the Japanese stock market was essentially flat during 2006 until a strong December rally brought the most widely traded Japan ETF (EWJ) up just over 5% for the year.

What lies ahead for Japan as the world’s second largest economy and stock market? Will the Japanese yen finally begin to appreciate and benefit foreign investors? Is Japan still an excellent play on the overall Asian growth story? When will the Japanese consumer begin spending again? Why is Japan one of the few countries in the world to have a trade surplus with China and why is Japan able to hold on to its industrial base so much better than America? Are Japanese large multinationals the place to invest or should investors target the smaller and more innovative companies?

In 2006, small and mid cap ETFs led the way in Japan and these ETFs could also do well in 2007. The best performing ETFs tracking Japanese markets were WisdomTree’s Japan Small Cap ETF (DFJ) and its Japan High-Yielding Equity ETF (DNL). Both ETFs were introduced on June 16th. Other key questions for long-term ETF investors are how will the Japanese - America alliance evolve and could Japan be moving towards excessive nationalism? What is likely to be the impact of Japan’s demographics on investment opportunities and returns?
These are all important questions. Why don’t you get to the bottom of these questions yourself by joining me in May 2007 as I lead a ten day investment tour of Japan http://japaninvestortour.wordpress.com/about/

This will be a trip of a lifetime and will be a fascinating immersion into Japan’s stock market, economics, politics, culture and history as well as provide you with the opportunity to learn more about specific Japanese companies. Join me to find out what place Japan should have in your global ETF portfolio.

Carl T. Delfeld President & Publisher Chartwell Partners http://www.chartwellETFadvisor.com
Carl has over twenty years of experience in the global investment business with a strong background in Asia.
• Author of global investor primer "The New Global Investor"
• President of the global investment advisory firm Chartwell Partners
• Publisher of the Chartwell Advisor ETF Report and Asia-Pacific Growth
• Columnist on global investing with Forbes Asia: "Global Gambits"
• Former U.S. Representative to the Executive Board of Asian Development Bank
• Chairman of the global economic strategy think tank ChartwellAmerica
• Asian specialist with the U.S. Joint Economic Committee and the U.S. Treasury
• Former member of the U.S. Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Committee
• Former investment executive with Robert Baird & Company and UBS
• Graduate of the Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy with economics scholarship from U.S.-Japan Friendship Commission
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Carl_Delfeld

How To Get Cheap Airline Tickets to Tokyo, Japan

2008-05-06T06:57:00.000-07:00

How To Get Cheap Airline Tickets to Tokyo, Japan
By Jed Baguio

When the Orient appeals to you more than anything else combined with top of the line modernity and urban sprawl, Japan is the place to be.
Japan is rich in culture in history with the sights and sounds of mixed identities where the old culture meets with modern science and innovation..
A visit to Japan though would cost you. Finding cheap airline tickets to Tokyo, Japan would solve the problem of too much money going to be spent for a visit to Japan. It may take you a while, but eventually you’ll reach your goal and get cheap airline tickets to Tokyo, Japan.
The first place to look for cheap airline tickets to Tokyo, Japan is, of course, the internet where huge sources of information are at your fingertips. Here, you can find all the information on cheap airline tickets to Tokyo, Japan. All it takes is a lot of patience… and browsing.
The really cheap airline tickets to Tokyo, Japan, though may be found easily on the airline company’s own website. You only need to do a little comparative analysis of different companies that could offer you cheap airline tickets to Tokyo, Japan in no time! However, some internet websites offer you an instant analysis so you need not do a lot of work. But you also need to check on the reliability of this statistics.
Definitely though most of these sites have access to different airline companies. So the results are pretty accurate and you can get the cheap airline tickets to Tokyo, Japan you are looking for...CONTINUE
Article Taken From: http://Airline-Ticket-Guide.useful-tips.com
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Jed_Baguio

Japan Travel Guide

2008-05-06T06:54:00.000-07:00

Japan Travel Guide
By Kum Martin

Many foreign tourists may often find traveling in Japan, because only a few people in Japan can speak English. However, Japan is a great country, and the Japanese are wonderful people.
Before you buy your ticket to Japan, you should know that Japan is an expensive place to travel. The cost of living is very high. You should have at least 5,000 yen per day for your pocket money. If you do not have a lot of money, you should use Japan Rail Pass. It is very cheap way to travel.

Food is one of the best things in Japan. Japanese food is incredibly delicious. Since Japan is an island, seafood is the most popular food in this country. When you think about Japanese food, you probably think about sushi. Sushi consists of raw fish and rice.

If you have a chance, you must visit Japanese hot bath. It is not something that you will see in other countries. The Japanese hot bath is called, “ Onsen ”. In some area, people take a bath together in the open area. This is often known as “open sky bath”.

Housing is very expensive in Japan. There are too many people in Japan, and there are not enough apartments. Most Japanese can not afford to own a home. However, travelers may camp at various places in Japan. The camp site is usually safe and cheap. The Capsule hotel is one of these many cheap camp sites.
Check Out More Articles:
Advice For Japan Travel , historical hokkaido earthquakes , Italy Kyoto Protocol
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Kum_Martin

Safety Tips for Travelers

2008-04-30T02:29:00.000-07:00

Safety Tips for Travelers
By Sunne Khurana

BASIC SAFETY RULES

Search your destination; get as much information as possible about the places you plan to visit. Get yourself familiar with local customs and policy.

Tips

o Find travel insurance, if possible with the plan that provides direct, immediate payment to the medical provider.

o Before you depart, photocopy your documents and ticket so it would be easier to replace them if they are lost or stolen.

o Keep a low profile. Try to mingle in with the locals as best you can. Leave expensive jewels and precious valuables at home.

o Do not talk about your travel plans with others.

o Stay alert, particularly in high-risk countries.

o Do not expose your valuables (documents, money, jewels, etc.), keep them protected in the hotel.

o Carry only little quantity of cash.

o Wear a hidden money belt; keep your essential documents and money in it.

o Keep a copy of your passport in your money belt at all times.

o Every time you use your credit card, keep an eye on it until it returned to you. Check credit cards when they returned.

o Never leave your personal documents unattended.

o Admire local customs and regulations.

o Deal only with authorized agents when you exchange money or purchase art or antiques.

o If you get into any difficulty, contact the nearest embassy.

o If you are unfamiliar with the local language, write down some key phrases in the local language.

o Memorize or write down a local emergency numbers.

o In case of theft, report immediately to Police and if you'll be making an insurance claim. Thefts of traveler's checks must be reported within 24 hours.

If you want more tips for safety travel or other travel tips than you can visit this website: "Cheapfareguru.com" and if you looking for best last minute cheap airline tickets provider website than you can visit these websites Airtkt.com & Latinfare.com for Last minute cheap airline tickets.

Happy Traveling.

Sunny Khurana having experience of more than twenty five years in travel industry. He is very interested in searching and negotiating for the best value available for travelers.He has traveled extensively around globe. He has successful relationship with all major travel vendors and suppliers. He is well qualified in travel management,rich knowledge of world's tourist place. A successful businessman as well author of Tours and Travels.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Sunne_Khurana

Valentine's Day in Japan

2008-04-11T00:44:00.000-07:00

Valentine's Day in Japan

Japanese Valentine's Day is for women to give men chocolates or gifts. This is a typical way to celebrate Valentine's day in Japan. Women are expressing love to men by giving chocolates. But it's also common for women to give chocolates to men who they don't actually love, such as co-workers and male friends. This kind of chocolates are called giri-choco which mean chocolates given because of obligations.

Many stores in Japan sell lots of chocolates before Valentine's day. Men who received chocolates or gifts on Valentine's day are supposed to give gifts back to the women on March 14th called White Day.

Japanese Idol

2008-04-10T23:44:00.000-07:00

Japanese Idol

History

The idol phenomenon began during the early seventies, reflecting a boom in Japan for the musician Sylvie Vartan in the French film Cherchez l'idole in 1963. The term came to be applied to any cute female actress or singer. Teenage girls, mostly between 14 and 16, began rising to stardom. One in particular, Momoe Yamaguchi, was a huge star until her marriage and retirement in 1980. Idols dominated the pop music scene in the 80s; and this period is known as the "Golden Age of Idols in Japan". In a single year, as many as 40 or 50 new idols could appear, only to disappear from the public spotlight shortly afterwards. A few idols from that era, such as Seiko Matsuda, are still popular. In the 90s, the power of Japanese idols began to wane, as the music industry shifted towards rock musicians and singers for whom music was a more important sales point than looks or wholesomeness, as well as towards genres such as rap that were harder to square with conventional prettiness. The Japanese idol phenomenon has had a large impact on popular culture in Hong Kong and Taiwan.

It is commonly said female Japanese idols represent the perfect female form in Japanese society. They are symbols of female sexuality and are often dressed erotically. For this reason they are often idolized by both males and females. Male audiences' infatuations with an idol's good looks are fed with detailed information about the idol's measurements, favorite colors, food, hobbies, blood type, etc. Female audiences are interested in imitating their style, hair color, fashion, etc. Good examples of fashion-leader idols are Ayumi Hamasaki, hitomi, Ryoko Hirosue and Namie Amuro.

Namie Amuro was the most popular idol in the late 1990s, although marketed as more sexy and mature than other idols. She began her career in 1992 as a vocalist for the pop group Super Monkeys, but the group flopped very quickly. Producers liked Amuro, and in 1995, she went solo, enjoying massive success. This status has since been eclipsed by Ayumi Hamasaki, who is known as one of Japan's current divas.

A diversification occurred in the 1990s and instead of few idols vying for popularity, a number of idols with specific characteristics divided the market. In the mid-1990s, idols became much younger than before, and groups of idols like Speed and Morning Musume became prominent. A new genre of idols called Net Idols became known in the late 1990s, only appearing on websites. In 1997, there appeared Kyoko Date, the first "cyber idol" or "virtual idol". Kyoko Date has a fabricated history and statistics and her own songs. Meanwhile, gurabia aidoru ( i.e. "gravure idols") such as Yoko Matsugane, Rio Natsume and Eiko Koike have largely appeared skimpily clad in "cheesecake" photographs.

Whereas in previous years an idol kept up her idol image until she chose to retire or was simply too old to continue being a credible idol, in recent years several ex-idols have successfully matured from being an idol to becoming full-fledged actresses, singers or musicians who are respected for their craft instead of (or in addition to) being admired for their looks and image. A good example of an ex-idol who is now a respected singer, songwriter and musician is Hitomi, who is known for writing her own lyrics, being heavily involved in the composition and production of her own music, and playing her own guitar, though she does from time to time tease her fans by modeling sexy outfits ordinarily worn by younger women. In addition, Hitomi is well-known for maintaining a successful pop career after marriage and motherhood.

Culture

The culture of Japanese idols has changed over the years and it is questionable whether past idols would have the same amount of success if given the same opportunity today. Most of those called idols have sung songs that would fit J-Pop and they are generally pretty, cute, or fresh-faced, if not beautiful. However, there are exceptions to the norm.

In the 1970s, idols had an aura of mystique that left much of their lifestyles secret. Their public and "private" lives were carefully orchestrated—they always appeared perfect in all situations and seemed to enjoy a lavish lifestyle that most Japanese could only dream about. In reality, however, they were placed under continuous surveillance by their promoters and were unable to enjoy the private lives invented for them. Their pay was surprisingly low. They were often overworked and even if their songs sold well most of the money went to the musicians and writers. Fans had few opportunities to see them beyond a few minutes on TV or radio and it was difficult to share their interests. Magazines were the best source for information and many idols had an official fan club that periodically mailed what little information could be released.

In the 1980s, idols became much closer to average Japanese people; this is likely because the average lifestyle of the Japanese improved. While still tightly controlled, idols were allowed to show more of their actual personalities and were permitted to let out some carefully scripted outbursts. The media often fabricated "competitions" between two or more idols, based on things like the number of records sold, the number of fans in the official fan club, etc. In the late 1980s, instead of relying on magazines and TV, some started experimenting with new media and technologies like video games, with mixed results. The working conditions of idols improved and even those with limited success could live modestly and more of the money made was paid to idols themselves, though they still only received a small portion.

In the 1990s, instead of being marketed as people who lived better and were better than average, idols became people who just happened to have a little something to become popular. Where the tastes of past idols had to be saccharine, it was now acceptable for an idol to simply love eating ramen or to display something other than a smile, to lament having got a little out of shape or to admit to shopping around for lower prices. Idols also became a fixture in countless anime by singing opening or ending songs that have little relevance to the anime itself. Some experimented with being seiyu, and seiyu themselves became somewhat like idols, becoming increasingly popular. Even today, some are still involved with the video game industry, though they are not always entirely successful.

Taken from www.wikipedia.com

FOUR SEASONS IN JAPAN

2008-04-01T10:41:00.000-07:00

Four Seasons in Japan

Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and many other south east Asian countries has only two seasons, dry and rainy seasons.
What about Japan?

Japan has four distinct seasons. Actually, the fact that the archipelago covers several climatic zones and is caught between the Asian continent and the Pacific does cause dramatic mood swings in the weather. Cold, dry winters and hot, humid summers can be found all over the world but there are certain seasonal treats that only Japan can offer and others that have their own local twist.

Winter
The snows of winter are awaited by skiers and snowboarders, who fill popular resorts such as Hakuba and Naeba and parade the latest fashions on the slopes. Winter sports have become hugely popular in recent years and the 1998 Winter Olympics held in Nagano. The Yuki Matsuri (snow festival) held in Sapporo every February attracts thousands of tourists from Japan and abroad. The chilly weather takes it toll on the nation's health and it's common to see people wearing white gauze masks over their mouths. The masks are not to protect the wearer but rather to prevent others from catching the cold.

In spring

In Spring, one of the best-loved symbols of Japan makes a dramatic sweep across the country. Sakura (cherry blossoms) bloom usually from the end of March through April in a kind of wave starting in southern Kyushu and working its way northeast. News reports keep the populace up to date on the best places to enjoy hanami (lit. flower viewing) and is a good example of the Japanese view of beauty in nature. The undeniable beauty of the delicate pink flowers is offset by a sense of melancholy. This is often compared to our own short time spent on the earth. This mixture of feelings is best expressed when completely drunk. And so every year, hundreds of thousands of Japanese of all ages gather beneath the pink blooms, sing karaoke, dance and drink till they fall over. Ironically, one popular hanami spot in Tokyo is the Aoyama Bochi (cemetery). Those resting under the rows of tombstones are almost forgotten as they are sprinkled with falling blossoms and the ocassional spilled beer.

Rainy Season
Though not counted as one of the four seasons, there is enough rain in June for it to be called tsuyu (the rainy season). Japanese people seem to have a bit of a rain phobia at the best of times, judging from how quick they are to use their umbrellas, but at this time of year, trying to manoeuvre through thousands of the things is a life-threatening experience. And no sooner has the rain showed signs of easing than the thermometer and hydrometer go through the roof and the hot, humid summer is underway.

Summer

In Summer, temperatures get to the mid-30's in most areas and the humidity can be unbearable. Only Hokkaido is spared the worst of the extremes. At the weekend, people flock in their thousands to the beaches or to the relative cool of the mountains. Summer is also the season of matsuri (festivals) and hanabi (fireworks). The biggest festival of the year, Obon is held in August. The annual hanabi taikai (fireworks display) held on the Sumida River in Tokyo is hugely popular, drawing over a million and a half people every year. Started in 1733 by rival firework makers Tamaya and Kagiya, the dramatic and exhilarating explosions still draw excited shouts of 'Tamaya!' and 'Kagiya!' from the crowd.

Autumn

Well. The end of summer and beginning of autumn sees the arrival from the Pacific of typhoons, tropical storms equivalent to hurricanes in the West. Most typhoons hit the Kyushu region first and then proceed across the country. Some of the worst typhoons have killed thousands of people. A typhoon was also responsible for sinking the fleet of the invading Mongols in the 13th century, earning itself the name kamikaze (divine wind). September is the time for tsukimi (moon viewing). As the weather cools in October and November, leaves begin to change color and suddenly the landscape is a dramatic palette of red, brown, orange, yellow and green. The koyo (red leaves) of late autumn are an often breathtaking sight, especially against a backdrop of Mt Fuji or a temple in Kyoto.

Well Japan lovers, Do you have any experiences living in Japan with the four seasons?

Just let your friends know your exciting experiences...!!!!

GEISHA

2008-04-01T10:38:00.000-07:00

GEISHA

Do you know the meaning of Geisha?

History of Geisha has roots in female entertainers such as the Saburuko of the 7th century and the Shirabyoshi, who emerged around the early 13th century. They would perform for the nobility and some even became concubines to the emperor. It was in the late 16th century that the first walled-in pleasure quarters were built in Japan. Like so many aspects of Japanese culture, they were modelled after those of Ming Dynasty China. After they were relocated in the mid-1600s, they became known as Shimabara (after a fortress in Kyushu).

Meanwhile a marshy patch of land (Yoshi-wara) in Edo had been designated as the site for a brothel district under the auspices of the Tokugawa shogunate. Brothels and the like were not allowed to operate outside the district and strict rules were applied. Included among these were that no customers were allowed to stay in a brothel more than 24 hours; courtesans were to wear simple dyed kimonos; and any suspicious or unknown visitors were to be reported to the Office of the City Governor.

With Japan enjoying a long-awaited period of peace following centuries of civil war, many samurai found that society no longer had such need of their services. It's thought that many daughters of these formerly noble families became courtesans, with the result that quarters such as Yoshiwara and Shimabara were places of refinement and culture. Peace also brought an increase in prosperity and the rise of the merchant class, or chonin. Add that to the presence of artists and an atmosphere free of the strictures of the outside world, and it truly was something of an adult amusement park, with culture thrown in for good measure.

Within the hanamichi there were many different classes of courtesans, and over the decades the hierarchy and the standards expected of them changed many times, not always for the better. The situation deteriorated in the mid-18th century to the extent that a new form of entertainer emerged in Kyoto and Osaka. The earliest geiko were men, while the first females, who appeared shortly after, were odoriko (dancers) or played the shamisen. Female geisha soon became popular enough to be able to steal clients from the courtesans, and in the case of Yoshiwara it was decided to start a kenban, or registration system, to keep them under control and force them to pay taxes. It strictly controlled their dress, behaviour and movements and was considered so successful that it quickly became the norm at hanamichi across Japan.

In fact, these strict rules allowed the geisha to flourish as artists and entertainers. Though more simply dressed than the courtesans, they became regarded as fashion leaders. But many aspects of the lifestyle itself were less glamorous. Young girls were sold into the geisha life by their families until the mid-20th century and were often subject to the ritual of 'mizu-age,' where their virginity was sold to the highest bidder. Such practices were eradicated after World War II and the geisha profession went into a steady decline. Today, if geisha are hired to entertain at a private party outside the upper eschelons of society, they are most likely to be seasoned veterans, more akin to your favorite aunt or even grandmother than the girl next door.

In the year of 2007, There was a very big movie released in Asia and America. The title is The Memoir of Geisha.
What do you think about it?
does it match with this article?
Just let your friends know your opinion..!!!

Japanese Etiquette

2008-04-01T10:24:00.000-07:00

Japanese Etiquette

Greetings

Ohayo gozaimasu! = Good morning!

Greetings are considered to be very important in Japanese culture. Students in elementary and secondary schools are often admonished to deliver greetings with energy and vigor. A lazy greeting is regarded with the type of disdain that would accompany a limp handshake in parts of the West.
Simply walking off without saying anything is frowned upon. When parting, instead of simply saying goodbye, it is common to make a wish to meet again.
The most common greetings are ohayō gozaimasu or "good morning", used until about 11am but may be used at any time of day if it is the first occasion that day the two people have met; konnichiwa which is roughly equivalent to "good day" or "good afternoon" and is used until late afternoon; konbanwa or "good evening"; and oyasuminasai or "good night". Different forms of these greetings may be used depending on the relative social statuses of the speaker and the listener.

Bowing

Bowing (o)jigi,(o-)rei, is probably the feature of Japanese etiquette that is best-known outside Japan. Bowing is considered extremely important in Japan, although children normally begin learning how to bow from a very young age, companies commonly provide training to their employees in how to execute bows correctly.

Basic bows are performed with the back straight and the hands at the sides (boys and men) or clasped in the lap (girls and women), and with the eyes down. Bows originate at the waist. Generally, the longer and deeper the bow, the stronger the emotion and the respect expressed.
Bows can be generally divided into three main types: informal, formal, and very formal. Informal bows are made at about a fifteen degree angle and more formal bows at about thirty degrees. Very formal bows are deeper.

Generally speaking, an inferior bows longer, more deeply and more frequently than a superior. A superior addressing an inferior will generally only nod the head slightly, while some superiors may not bow at all and an inferior will bend forward slightly from the waist.
Bows of apology tend to be deeper and last longer than other types of bow. They tend to occur with frequency during the apology, generally at about 45 degrees with the head lowered and lasting for at least the count of three, sometimes longer. The depth, frequency and duration of the bow increases with the sincerity of the apology and the severity of the offence. Bows of thanks follow the same pattern. In extreme cases a kneeling bow is performed; this bow is sometimes so deep that the forehead touches the floor. This is called saikeirei, literally "most respectful bow."

When Japanese deal with non-Japanese people, many Japanese will shake hands Since many non-Japanese are familiar with the custom of bowing, this often leads to a combined bow and handshake which can be quite complicated to execute. Bows may be combined with handshakes or performed before or after shaking hands. Generally when bowing in close proximity, as necessitated when combining bowing and shaking hands, people turn slightly to one side (usually the left) to avoid bumping heads.

Eating and drinking

Itadakimasu! = Have a nice eating!

In Japan, meals traditionally begin with the phrase itadakimasu (literally, "I receive"). The phrase is similar to the phrase "bon appétit," but is used more frequently; in the case of some individuals, at every meal, though it has its origins in the Japanese religious system. It is said to express gratitude for all who had a part in preparing the food. When finished eating, Japanese use the phrase gochisōsama deshita.

It is considered polite to clear one's plate; children are especially encouraged to do so. It is impolite to pick out certain ingredients and leave the rest. One should chew with the mouth closed.
It is acceptable to lift soup and rice bowls to your mouth so that you don't spill food. It is also appropriate to slurp certain foods, especiallyramen or soba noodles, though this is not practiced universally.

Rice is generally eaten plain or sometimes with nori(dried-pressed seaweed) or furikake (various seasonings). Pouring soy sauce onto plain white rice is not a Japanese custom, nor is it common to pour soy sauce directly over sashimi or sushi. Instead, soy sauce is poured into a small dish that is provided, and the food dipped into the sauce. Furthermore, it is considered greedy and wasteful to pour an excessive amount of soy sauce into the small dish, a mistake that many foreigners are not aware of. When eating nigiri-zushi, one should dip the sushi topping side down into the sauce; leaving stray grains of rice floating in the sauce is considered uncouth.
It is still uncommon for Japanese people to eat while walking about. Some consider it rude to eat in public or on trains, but this is not a universally-held belief.

In Japanese restaurants, customers are given a rolled hand towel called oshibori. It is considered rude to use the towel to wipe one's face or neck; however, some people, usually men, do this at more informal restaurants.
When one uses tooth picks, it is etiquette for one to cover their mouth with the other hand. Blowing one's nose is considered rude in public, especially at a restaurant. It is polite for one to cover their nose with their hand, or excuse themself to do it in the restroom.

Chopsticks

Can you eat with chopsticks?
is it easy o r difficult?

There are many traditions in the use of chopsticks. For example, it is considered particularly taboo to pass food from chopsticks to chopsticks, as this is how bones are handled by the family of the deceased after a cremation. Mismatched chopsticks should also not be used for the same reason. Similarly, chopsticks should not be stood up in a bowl of food, as the image recalls the burning of incense sticks standing up from tray containing sand, typically at funerals.

Do you have any experience of meeting japanese people?

What differences did you find with your culture?

Japanese Popular Culture

2008-04-01T10:20:00.000-07:00

Japanese Popular culture

What do you know about Japanese culture?

Let's talk about it!
Japanese Popular Culture not only reflects the attitudes and concerns of the present but also provides a link to the past. Popular film, television programs, comics and music all developed from older artistic and literary traditions, and many of their themes and styles of presentation can be traced to traditional art forms. Contemporary forms of popular culture, much like the traditional forms, provide not only entertainment but also an escape for the contemporary Japanese from the problems of an industrial world.

When asked how they spent their leisure time, 80 percent of a sample of men and women surveyed by the government in 1986 said they averaged about two and one-half hours per weekday watching television, listening to the radio, and reading newspapers or magazines. Some 16 percent spent an average of two and one-quarter hours a day engaged in hobbies or amusements. Others spent leisure time participating in sports, socializing, and personal study. Teenagers and retired people reported more time spent on all of these activities than did other groups.

In the late 1980s, the family was the focus of leisure activities, such as excursions to parks or shopping districts. Although Japan is often thought of as a hard-working society with little time for pleasure, the Japanese seek entertainment wherever they can. It is common to see Japanese commuters riding the train to work, enjoying their favorite manga, or listening through earphones to the latest in popular music on portable music players.

A wide variety of types of popular entertainment are available. There is a large selection of music, films, and the products of a huge comic book industry, among other forms of entertainment, from which to choose. Game centers, bowling alleys, and karaoke are popular hangout places for teens while older people may play shogi or go in specialized parlors.

What is the good side of Japanese culture for you?

Compared with your country's culture, which is strongest?

Japanese Food

2008-04-01T10:17:00.000-07:00

Japanese Food/Cuisine

Do you think Japanese food is delicious?
why?

Through a long culinary past, the Japanese have developed a sophisticated and refined cuisine highly sensitive to the change of seasons. Modern Japanese enjoy a variety of traditional Japanese food, including the staples of rice and miso soup, as well as many seafood dishes, and a multitude of foreign dishes.

One can easily find Chinese, Korean, and Thai dishes as well as non-regional American, French, and Italian foods. Japanese cuisine is a product of its environment and people. The ease of acquiring fresh ingredients led to sushi, high temperature and humidity led to varieties of pickled and fermented food like natto, umeboshi, tsukemono and soy sauce. Adaptation of foreign cuisines, such as ramen, which originated in China, are also popular among the masses.

In recent years, Japanese food has become popular in the U.S. and Europe. Generally they have the reputation of being low in calories and otherwise healthy, which is potentially related to the longevity of Japanese people.

Do you have any experiences of eating at Japanese resturant?
what are they?

How was the taste?

Kimono

2008-04-01T10:16:00.001-07:00

Kimono

Do you know "kimono"?
What is that?

The Japanese word "kimono" means "something one wears" and they are the traditional garments of Japan. Originally, the word kimono was used for all types of clothing, but eventually, it came to refer specifically to the full-length garment also known as the naga-gi, meaning "long-wear", that is still worn today on special occasions by women, men, and children.

It is often known as wafuku which means "Japanese clothes". Kimono come in a variety of colors, styles, and sizes. Men mainly wear darker or more muted colors, while women tend to wear brighter colors and pastels, and often with complicated abstract or floral patterns. The summer kimono which are lighter are called yukata. Formal kimono are typically worn in several layers, with number of layers, visibility of layers, sleeve length, and choice of pattern dictated by social status and the occasion for which the kimono is worn.

Have you ever worn Kimono?
in what occasion?
How did you feel?

Japanese Language

2008-04-01T10:05:00.000-07:00

Japanese language

Can you speak or write in Japanese? Is it easy or difficult? Let us talk about Japanese Language!

The Japanese language has a significant role in Japanese culture. Spoken mainly in Japan but also in some Japanese emigrant communities around the world, it is an agglutinative language and the sound inventory of Japanese is relatively small but has a lexically distinct pitch-accent system. Early Japanese is known largely on the basis of its state in the 8th century, when the three major works of Old Japanese were compiled. The earliest attestation of the Japanese language is in a Chinese document from 252 A.D. It is regarded as an extremely hard language for westerners to learn as adults.

Japanese is written with a combination of three different types of scripts: Chinese characters Kanji, and two syllabic scripts, Hiragana and Katakana. The Latin alphabet, rōmaji, is also often used in modern Japanese, especially for company names and logos, advertising, and when inputting Japanese into a computer. The Hindu-Arabic numerals are generally used for numbers, but traditional Sino-Japanese numerals are also commonplace.

Have you ever learned Japanese language?
How long was that?
where did you learned?
Do you think Japanese language is difficult?